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NASA's SOFIA
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| Credit: NASA / Jim Ross |
Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy is commonly called as "SOFIA", owned by National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) and German Aerospace Center(DLR), Universities Space Research Association(USRA). Generally SOFIA is carried by Boeing 747SP aircraft which was modified to carry a telescope. The Boeing 747SP was purchased by USRA on April 30,1997. Later on the same year it was brought by NASA. And NASA modified the aircraft and insert a telescope. They did many tests for this airborne observatory. On May 26, 2010 SOFIA started its service and it still continue to fly and doing its work well., wait! what is its work?
SOFIA's work
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| Image credit: NASA |
SOFIA has 2.5m(8.2 ft) diameter reflecting telescope, it is designed for infrared astronomy observation in the stratosphere layer at a distance 40,000ft from the Earth. The reason for building this flying telescope is to find the celestial magnetic fields, star-forming regions, comets, nebulae, the galactic center, etc in infrared view. While flying in Stratospheric region it can capture nearly 85% of infrared range of signals from astronomical objects. While observing from the ground, most of the infrared lights is obstruct by clouds, gas, tiny particles and very low amount of infrared light is captured by the ground observatory. It allows astronauts to study about outer space in better. It carries astronomers, technicians, engineers, educators, and flight crew will work in a comfortable airliner environment during a typical eight-to-nine-hour flight. SOFIA is not the first flying telescope, it is a successor to Kuiper Airborne Observatory.
This observatory allows us access to a part of the universe that otherwise we cannot study from any other facility, said Naseem Rangwala, the NASA SOFIA Project Scientist.
The aircraft makes about four flights each week, for 10 hours at a time between 40,000 and 44,000 feet (12,000 and 13,000 meters).
SOFIA's Contribution
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| Image credit: wikipedia/NASA |
The primary role is to find Star birth and death, Formation of new solar systems , Identification of complex molecules in space, Planets, comets and asteroids in our solar system, Nebulas and galaxies, Celestial magnetic fields, Black holes at the center of galaxies, etc.
On 29 June 2015, the dwarf planet Pluto passed between a distant star and the Earth producing a shadow on the Earth near New Zealand that allowed SOFIA to study the atmosphere of Pluto. In early 2016, SOFIA detected atomic oxygen in the Atmosphere of Mars for the first time in 40 years. And it found many stuffs about planets in our solar system, Recently in October 2020, astronomers reported detecting molecular water on the sunlit surface of the moon by several independent spacecraft. And in future it will detect more about the universe.
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